What is a potential result of excessive fluid retention in a patient?

Excessive fluid retention in a patient leads to fluid overload, which occurs when the body accumulates more fluid than it can effectively manage. This condition can result in various complications, including swelling (edema), increased blood pressure, and respiratory issues if fluid accumulates in the lungs. Fluid overload is a significant concern in patients with heart, kidney, or liver dysfunction, where the body's ability to excrete excess fluid is impaired. Monitoring fluid balance and addressing fluid retention is crucial in patient care to prevent these adverse effects.

The other options do not align with the consequences of fluid retention. Dehydration is the lack of sufficient fluid, weight loss typically occurs with inadequate fluid or food intake, and electrolyte depletion usually results from excessive fluid loss rather than retention.